Extreme Networks ExtremeWare Command Dokumentacja

Extreme Networks, Inc.3585 Monroe StreetSanta Clara, California 95051(888) 257-3000http://www.extremenetworks.com ExtremeWare XOS Concepts GuideSoftwa

10 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide ContentsBGP Peer Groups 210BGP Route Flap Dampening 211BGP Route Selection 212Stripping Out Private AS Numbers

100 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and StatisticsViewing Node StatisticsExtremeWare XOS allows you to view node statistic infor

Event Management System/LoggingExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 101• display log messages in real-time, and filter the messages that are displayed

102 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and Statisticsconfigured to get messages of severity info and greater, the NVRAM target gets

Event Management System/LoggingExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 103configure log target [console | memory-buffer | nvram | session | syslog [<a

104 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and Statisticsshow log events [<event condition> | [all | <event component>] {se

Event Management System/LoggingExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 105wanted to pass a small set of events, and block most. If you want to exclude a

106 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and Statistics VID - Virtual LAN ID (tag), VLAN - Virtual LAN name

Event Management System/LoggingExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 107Matching ParametersRather than using a text match, EMS allows you to filter mor

108 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and Statisticsdestination MAC address, since the event contains no destination MAC address.

Event Management System/LoggingExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 109This setting may be saved to the FLASH configuration and will be restored on bo

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 11 ContentsDebug Mode 238System Health Check 238System Odometer 238Contacting Extreme Technical Support 239Appendi

110 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and StatisticsThe uploaded messages can be formatted differently from the format configured

Event Management System/LoggingExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 111Displaying Debug InformationBy default, a switch will not generate events of se

112 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and Statistics

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 113 9 SecurityThis chapter describes the following topics: • Security Overview on page 113• Network Access Securit

114 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecurityAccess lists are typically applied to traffic that crosses layer 3 router boundaries, but it is possib

IP Access Lists (ACLs)ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 115protocol udp;source-port 190;destination-port 1200-1400;} then {permit;}}ACL rule entr

116 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecurityTable 21: ACL Match ConditionsMatch Conditions DescriptionApplicable IP Protocolssource-address <pr

IP Access Lists (ACLs)ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 117Along with the data types described in Table 22, you can use the operators <, <=,

118 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecuritysource-address 10.203.134.0/24;destination-address 140.158.18.16/32;protocol udp;source-port 190;dest

Switch ProtectionExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 119Once the ACL is checked, it can be applied to an interface. To apply an ACL, use the followin

12 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide Contents

120 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecurityPoliciesPolicies are a more general concept than routing access profiles and route maps. ExtremeWare X

Switch ProtectionExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 121origin egp;}}Policy entries are evaluated in order, from the beginning of the file to the e

122 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecurityAutonomous System ExpressionsThe AS-path keyword uses a regular expression string to match against the

Switch ProtectionExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 123Here are some additional examples of using regular expressions in the AS-Path statement.The f

124 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecurityPolicy ExamplesTranslating an Access Profile to a PolicyYou may be more familiar with using access pro

Switch ProtectionExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 12525 deny 22.44.66.0 255.255.254.0 YesEquivalent ExtremeWare XOS Policy-Map de

126 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecuritynlri 22.16.0.0/14; nlri 192.168.0.0/18 exact ;nlri 10.10.0.0/18; }then {permit;}}entry d

Switch ProtectionExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 127then {permit;}}entry entry-20 {if {community 6553800; }then {deny;}}entry entry-30 {

128 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecuritypermit;}}entry deny_rest {if {}then {deny;}}Using PoliciesOnce the policy file is on the switch, it

Authenticating Users Using RADIUS or TACACS+ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 129Authenticating Users Using RADIUS or TACACS+ExtremeWare XOS provid

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 13 PrefaceThis preface provides an overview of this guide, describes guide conventions, and lists other publicati

130 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecurityTo disable RADIUS authentication, use the following command:disable radiusConfiguring RADIUS Accountin

Authenticating Users Using RADIUS or TACACS+ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 131Using RADIUS Servers with Extreme SwitchesExtreme Networks switche

132 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSecurity

Part 2Using Switching and Routing Protocols

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 135 10 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)This chapter covers the following topics:• Overview of the Spanning Tree Protoc

136 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)STP TermsTable 27 describes the terms associated with STP. Table 27: STP termsTerm

Spanning Tree DomainsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 137Spanning Tree DomainsThe switch can be partitioned into multiple virtual bridges. Each vi

138 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)Specifying the Carrier VLANThe following example:• Creates and enables an STPD nam

Spanning Tree DomainsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 139Encapsulation ModesYou can configure ports within an STPD to accept specific BPDU encapsu

14 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuidePrefaceConventionsTable 1 and Table2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.Related PublicationsT

140 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)STP StatesEach port that belongs to a member VLAN participating in STP exists in o

Spanning Tree DomainsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 141STP ports mode is changed to match, otherwise the STP ports inherit either the carrier VL

142 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)Rapid Root FailoverExtremeWare XOS supports rapid root failover for faster STP fai

STP ConfigurationsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 143• Engineering is the carrier VLAN on STPD2.• Marketing is a member of both STPD1 and STPD2 a

144 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)Figure 11: Tag-based STP configurationThe tag-based network in Figure 11 has the f

STP ConfigurationsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 145Multiple STPDs on a PortTraditional 802.1d STP has some inherent limitations when addressing

146 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)Alternatively, the same VLAN may span multiple large geographical areas (because t

STP ConfigurationsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 147Figure 14: VLANs traverse domains inside switches• The VLAN partition feature is deployed un

148 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)Per-VLAN Spanning TreeSwitching products that implement Per-VLAN Spanning Tree (PV

Rapid Spanning Tree ProtocolExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 149RSTP TermsTable 28 describes the terms associated with RSTP. RSTP ConceptsThis sec

Part 1Using ExtremeWare XOS

150 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)When RSTP stabilizes, all:• Root ports and designated ports are in the forwarding

Rapid Spanning Tree ProtocolExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 151To change the existing configuration of a port in an STPD, and return the port to

152 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)The Protocol migration timer is neither user-configurable nor derived; it has a se

Rapid Spanning Tree ProtocolExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 153The following sections provide more information about RSTP behavior.Root Port Rapi

154 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)Designated Port Rapid BehaviorWhen a port becomes a new designated port, or the ST

Rapid Spanning Tree ProtocolExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 155• All other ports in the network are in the forwarding stateFigure 17: Initial net

156 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)2 Bridge E believes that bridge A is the root bridge. When bridge E receives the B

Rapid Spanning Tree ProtocolExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 1574 Bridge D believes that bridge A is the root bridge. When bridge D receives the B

158 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)6 To complete the topology change, the following occurs:• Bridge D moves the port

STP Rules and RestrictionsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 159STP Rules and RestrictionsThis section summarizes the rules and restrictions for con

160 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)After you have created the STPD, you can optionally configure STP parameters for t

Configuring STP on the SwitchExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 161• Assigns the Engineering VLAN to the STPD • Assigns the carrier VLAN• Enables ST

162 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)create stpd s1configure stpd s1 add green ports allconfigure stpd s1 tag 200config

Displaying STP SettingsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 163In this example, the commands configure switch A in STPD1 for rapid reconvergence. Use

164 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSpanning Tree Protocol (STP)To display the STP state of a port, use the following command:show stpd <stpd_n

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 165 11 Virtual Router Redundancy ProtocolThis chapter covers the following topics:• Overview on page 165• Determin

166 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual Router Redundancy ProtocolVRRP TermsTable 33 describes terms associated with VRRP.Determining the VRRP

Determining the VRRP MasterExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 167VRRP Tracking ExampleFigure 27 is an example of VRRP tracking.Figure 27: VRRP track

168 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual Router Redundancy ProtocolElecting the Master RouterVRRP uses an election algorithm to dynamically ass

VRRP OperationExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 169• VRRP and Spanning Tree can be simultaneously enabled on the same switch.• VRRP and ESRP cannot

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 17 1 ExtremeWare XOS OverviewExtremeWare XOS is the full-featured software operating system that is designed to ru

170 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual Router Redundancy Protocolphysical interface. Each physical interface on each backup router must have

VRRP Configuration ParametersExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 171VRRP Configuration ParametersTable 34 lists the parameters that are configured on

172 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual Router Redundancy ProtocolVRRP ExamplesThis section provides the configuration syntax for the two VRRP

VRRP ExamplesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 173Configuring the Fully-Redundant VRRP NetworkThe following illustration shows the fully-redundant

174 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual Router Redundancy Protocol

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 175 12 IP Unicast RoutingThis chapter describes the following topics:• Overview of IP Unicast Routing on page 175•

176 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Unicast RoutingRouter InterfacesThe routing software and hardware routes IP traffic between router interfac

Overview of IP Unicast RoutingExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 177Populating the Routing Table The switch maintains an IP routing table for both n

178 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Unicast RoutingMultiple RoutesWhen there are multiple, conflicting choices of a route to a particular desti

Relative Route PrioritiesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 179For example, an IP host is configured with a class B address of 100.101.102.103 and a

18 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideExtremeWare XOS OverviewNOTEFor more information on STP, see Chapter 10.Quality of ServiceExtremeWare XOS has P

180 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Unicast Routingconfigure vlan <vlan_name> ipaddress <ipaddress> {<ipNetmask>}Ensure that

Routing Configuration ExampleExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 181Figure 31: Unicast routing configuration exampleThe stations connected to the sys

182 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Unicast RoutingThe example in Figure 31 is configured as follows:create vlan Financecreate vlan Personnelcr

Configuring DHCP/BOOTP RelayExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 183UDP Echo ServerYou can use UDP Echo packets to measure the transit time for data b

184 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Unicast Routing

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 185 13 Interior Gateway ProtocolsThis chapter describes the following topics:• Overview on page 186• Overview of R

186 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway ProtocolsOverviewThe switch supports the use of two interior gateway protocols (IGPs); the Ro

Overview of RIPExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 187Overview of RIPRIP is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) first used in computer routing in the

188 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway ProtocolsRIP Version 1 Versus RIP Version 2A new version of RIP, called RIP version 2, expand

Overview of OSPFExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 189Database OverflowThe OSPF database overflow feature allows you to limit the size of the LSDB a

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 19NOTEFor information on load sharing, see Chapter 4.

190 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway Protocolsin LSA traffic, and reduces the computations needed to maintain the LSDB. Routing wi

Overview of OSPFExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 191• External routes originating from the NSSA can be propagated to other areas, including the ba

192 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway ProtocolsFigure 32: Virtual link using Area 1 as a transit areaVirtual links are also used to

Route Re-DistributionExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 193Point-to-Point SupportYou can manually configure the OSPF link type for a VLAN. Table 37

194 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway ProtocolsFigure 34: Route re-distributionConfiguring Route Re-DistributionExporting routes fr

Route Re-DistributionExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 195Re-Distributing Routes into OSPFEnable or disable the exporting of BGP, RIP, static, and

196 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway ProtocolsRIP Configuration ExampleFigure 35 illustrates a BlackDiamond switch that has three

Configuring OSPFExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 197In this configuration, all IP traffic from stations connected to slots 1 and 3 have access to

198 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway Protocolsconfigure ospf vlan [<vlan-name> | all] timer <retransmit-interval> <

OSPF Configuration ExampleExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 199OSPF Configuration ExampleFigure 36 is an example of an autonomous system using OSPF

2 ©2003 Extreme Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Extreme Networks, ExtremeWare and BlackDiamond are registered trademarks of Extreme Networks, Inc.

20 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideExtremeWare XOS Overview

200 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway Protocols• Two internal routersArea 6 is a stub area connected to the backbone by way of ABR1

Displaying OSPF SettingsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 201To display information about one or all OSPF areas, use the following command:show osp

202 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideInterior Gateway Protocols

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 203 14 Exterior Gateway Routing ProtocolsThis chapter covers the following topics:• Overview on page 204• BGP Attr

204 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideExterior Gateway Routing ProtocolsOverviewBGP is an exterior routing protocol that was developed for use in TC

BGP CommunitiesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 205BGP CommunitiesA BGP community is a group of BGP destinations that require common handling. Ext

206 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideExterior Gateway Routing ProtocolsFigure 37: Route reflectorsRoute ConfederationsBGP requires networks to use

BGP FeaturesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 207Route Confederation ExampleFigure 38 shows an example of a confederation. Figure 38: Routing confe

208 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideExterior Gateway Routing Protocolscreate bgp neighbor 192.1.1.18 remote-AS-number 65001enable bgp neighbor all

BGP FeaturesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 209enable bgp neighbor allTo configure router D, use the following commands:create vlan dbconfigure v

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 21 2 Accessing the SwitchThis chapter covers the following topics:• Understanding the Command Syntax on page 21• L

210 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideExterior Gateway Routing Protocols1 Enable aggregation using the following command:enable bgp aggregation2 Cre

BGP FeaturesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 211configure bgp neighbor [all | <remoteaddr>] peer-group [<peer-group-name> | none] {acq

212 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideExterior Gateway Routing ProtocolsUse the following command to enable route flap dampening for a BGP peer grou

Route Re-DistributionExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 213Stripping Out Private AS Numbers from Route UpdatesPrivate AS numbers are AS numbers in t

214 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideExterior Gateway Routing Protocolsan individual route from the routing table to BGP. If you use both commands

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 215 15 IP Multicast RoutingThis chapter covers the following topics: • Overview on page 215— PIM Overview on page

216 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Multicast Routing• A method for the IP host to communicate its multicast group membership to a router (for

OverviewExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 217The PMBR also forwards PIM-SM traffic to a PIM-DM network, based on the (*.*.RP) entry. The PMBR sends

218 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Multicast Routingconfigure igmp snooping vlan <vlanname> ports <portlist> add static routerTo r

Configuration ExamplesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 219Configuration ExamplesFigure 39 andFigure 40 are used in Chapter 13 to describe the OSPF

22 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideAccessing the Switch3 The value part of the command specifies how you want the parameter to be set. Values incl

220 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Multicast RoutingConfiguration for IR1The router labeled IR1 has the following configuration:configure vlan

Configuration ExamplesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 221Configuration for ABR1The router labeled ABR1 has the following configuration:configure

222 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideIP Multicast Routing

Part 3Appendixes

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 225 A Software Upgrade and Boot OptionsThis appendix describes the following topics:• Downloading a New Image on p

226 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSoftware Upgrade and Boot OptionsBefore the download begins, you are asked if you want to install the image im

Saving Configuration ChangesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 227Table 38 describes the image version fields. Software SignaturesEach ExtremeWare X

228 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSoftware Upgrade and Boot OptionsNOTEConfiguration files are text files with a .cfg file extension. When you e

Using TFTP to Upload the ConfigurationExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 229Using TFTP to Upload the ConfigurationYou can upload the current configu

Understanding the Command SyntaxExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 23configure engineering delete port 1:3,4:6Similarly, on the stand-alone switch,

230 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSoftware Upgrade and Boot Optionswhere file-name specifies the name of the configuration file to delete.After

Accessing the BootloaderExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 231NOTETo access the Bootloader, you can depress any key until the applications load and

232 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSoftware Upgrade and Boot Options

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 233 B TroubleshootingIf you encounter problems when using the switch, this appendix may be helpful. If you have a

234 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideTroubleshootingStatus LED on the I/O module turns amber:Check the syslog message for a related I/O module erro

Using the Command-Line InterfaceExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 235The Telnet workstation cannot access the device:Check that the device IP addre

236 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideTroubleshootingPort ConfigurationNo link light on 10/100 Base port:If patching from a hub or switch to another

Using the Command-Line InterfaceExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 237you already have a VLAN using untagged traffic on a port. Only one VLAN using

238 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideTroubleshootingThe switch keeps aging out endstation entries in the switch Forwarding Database (FDB): Reduce t

Contacting Extreme Technical SupportExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 239Chassis : 430200 Nov-13-2003SLOT 1 :

24 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideAccessing the SwitchSymbolsYou may see a variety of symbols shown as part of the command syntax. These symbols

240 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideTroubleshooting

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 241 C Supported Protocols, MIBs, and StandardsThe following is a list of software standards and protocols supporte

242 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSupported Protocols, MIBs, and StandardsRIPRFC 1058 Routing Information Protocol RFC 2453 RIP Version 2OSPFRF

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 243Management - SNMP & MIBsRFC 1157 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)RFC-1215 Convention for defining

244 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideSupported Protocols, MIBs, and StandardsDiffServ - Standards and MIBsRFC 2474 Definition of the Differentiated

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 245 IndexNumerics1d mode, STP 139Aaccess control lists 114access levels 27access listsdescription 113access profil

246 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide Indexprimary and secondary 228saving changes 227uploading to file 229console connection 34controlling Telnet a

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 247 Indexconfiguring in RSTP 150link-state database 188link-state protocol, description 186load sharingconfiguring

248 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide IndexMAC address in response 178responding to requests 178subnets 178proxy ARP, description 178public communit

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 249 Indexexample 52Greenwich Mean Time offset 49Greenwich Mean Time Offsets (table) 51NTP servers 49Spanning Tree

Command HistoryExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 25Command HistoryExtremeWare XOS “remembers” all the commands you enter. You can display a list of

250 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide IndexIP fragmentation 57mgmt 35mixing port-based and tagged 67names 70port-based 62protocol filters 68protocol

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 1 Index of CommandsCclear counters 110clear log counters 110clear session 25, 38clear slot 54, 234configure ac

2 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide Index of Commandsconfigure snmpv3 delete user 43configure snmpv3 engine-boots 43configure snmpv3 engine-id 42

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 3 Index of CommandsLlogout 38ls 229Mmtrace 218mv 229Nnslookup 29Pping 27, 29, 30Qquit 38Rreboot 227rm 229run diag

4 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide Index of Commands

26 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideAccessing the Switchconfigure banner Configures the banner string. You can enter up to 24 rows of 79-column tex

Configuring Management AccessExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 27Configuring Management AccessExtremeWare XOS supports the following two levels of

28 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideAccessing the SwitchIf an asterisk (*) appears in front of the command-line prompt, it indicates that you have

Domain Name Service Client ServicesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 29NOTEIf you forget your password while logged out of the command line interfa

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 3 ContentsPrefaceIntroduction 13Terminology 13Conventions 14Related Publications 14Part 1 Using ExtremeWare XOSCha

30 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideAccessing the SwitchYou can specify up to eight DNS servers for use by the DNS client using the following comma

Checking Basic ConnectivityExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 31If a ping request fails, the switch continues to send ping messages until interrupte

32 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideAccessing the Switch

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 33 3 Managing the SwitchThis chapter covers the following topics:• Overview on page 33 • Understanding the XOS She

34 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the SwitchUnderstanding the XOS ShellWhen you login to ExtremeWare XOS from a terminal, you enter the

Using TelnetExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 35The management port on the MSM is a DTE port. The TCP/IP configuration for the management port is d

36 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the SwitchConfiguring Switch IP ParametersTo manage the switch by way of a Telnet connection or by usi

Using TelnetExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 37The switch comes configured with a default VLAN named default. To use Telnet or an SNMP Network Man

38 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the Switchsave 8 When you are finished using the facility, log out of the switch by typing:logout or q

Using SNMPExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 39Enabling the TFTP Server By default, the TFTP server is disabled on the switch. You can choose to ena

4 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide ContentsUser Account 27Administrator Account 27Default Accounts 28Creating a Management Account 29Domain Name Se

40 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the SwitchMost of the commands that support SNMPv1/v2c use the keyword snmp; most of the commands that

Using SNMPExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 41• Login statistics— Enable/disable state for idle timeouts— Maximum number of CLI sessionsSNMPv3SNMPv

42 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the SwitchIn addition, the SNMPv3 target and notification MIBs provide a more procedural approach for

Using SNMPExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 43SNMPEngineBoots can also be configured from the command line. SNMPEngineBoots can be set to any desir

44 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the SwitchUsers are associated with groups using the following command:configure snmpv3 add group {hex

Using SNMPExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 45relationship between a MIB view and an access group. The users of the access group can then read, wri

46 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the Switchname also points to the filter profile used to filter the notifications. Finally, the notifi

Using SNMPExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 47When you create a filter profile, you are only associating a filter profile name with a target parame

48 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the SwitchConfiguring NotificationsSince the target parameters name is used to point to a number of ob

Using the Simple Network Time ProtocolExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 49Configuring and Using SNTPTo use SNTP, follow these steps:1 Identify the

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 5 ContentsChapter 4 Configuring Slots and Ports on a SwitchConfiguring a Slot on a Modular Switch 53Configuring Po

50 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the SwitchAutomatic Daylight Savings Time (DST) changes can be enabled or disabled. The default settin

Using the Simple Network Time ProtocolExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 51Table 9: Greenwich mean time offsetsGMT Offset in HoursGMT Offset in Minu

52 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideManaging the SwitchSNTP ExampleIn this example, the switch queries a specific NTP server and a backup NTP serve

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 53 4 Configuring Slots and Ports on a SwitchThis chapter covers the following topics: • Configuring a Slot on a Mo

54 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideConfiguring Slots and Ports on a Switchthe slot configuration must be cleared or configured for the new module

Configuring Ports on a SwitchExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 55disable ports 7:3,7:5,7:12-7:15Even though a port is disabled, the link remains en

56 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideConfiguring Slots and Ports on a SwitchJumbo FramesJumbo frames are Ethernet frames that are larger than 1522 b

Jumbo FramesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 57The path MTU discovery process ends when one of the following is true:• The source host sets the pa

58 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideConfiguring Slots and Ports on a SwitchLoad Sharing on the SwitchLoad sharing allows you to increase bandwidth

Switch Port-MirroringExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 59configure sharing <master_port> delete ports <port_list> Load-Sharing Examples

6 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide ContentsFDB Configuration Examples 77MAC-Based Security 78Displaying FDB Entries 78Chapter 7 Quality of Service

60 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideConfiguring Slots and Ports on a SwitchUp to eight mirroring filters and one monitor port can be configured. On

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 61 5 Virtual LANs (VLANs)This chapter covers the following topics:• Overview of Virtual LANs on page 61• Types of

62 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual LANs (VLANs)Types of VLANsVLANs can be created according to the following criteria:• Physical port• 802

Types of VLANsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 63Spanning Switches with Port-Based VLANsTo create a port-based VLAN that spans two switches, you m

64 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual LANs (VLANs)Figure 3: Two port-based VLANs spanning two switchesVLAN Accounting spans system 1 and syst

Types of VLANsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 65Uses of Tagged VLANsTagging is most commonly used to create VLANs that span switches. The switch-

66 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual LANs (VLANs)Figure 4: Physical diagram of tagged and untagged traffic Figure 5 is a logical diagram of

Types of VLANsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 67• The server connected to port 25 on system 1 is a member of both VLAN Marketing and VLAN Sales.•

68 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual LANs (VLANs)Figure 6: Protocol-based VLANs Predefined Protocol FiltersThe following protocol filters ar

Types of VLANsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 69configure protocol <name> add [etype | llc | snap] <hex> {[etype | llc | snap] <he

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 7 ContentsFiltering Events Sent to Targets 101Formatting Event Messages 108Displaying Real-Time Log Messages 108Di

70 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual LANs (VLANs)VLAN NamesEach VLAN is given a name that can be up to 32 characters. VLAN names can use sta

Configuring VLANs on the SwitchExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 71Configuring VLANs on the SwitchThis section describes the commands associated wi

72 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual LANs (VLANs)configure sales tag 120configure sales add port 1-3 taggedconfigure default delete port 4,7

VLAN Tunneling (VMANs)ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 73Displaying Protocol InformationTo display protocol information, use the following command

74 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideVirtual LANs (VLANs)The configuration for the switches shown in Figure 7 is:configure dot1q ethertype 88a8enabl

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 75 6 Forwarding Database (FDB)This chapter describes the following topics:• Overview of the FDB on page 75• FDB Co

76 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideForwarding Database (FDB)FDB Entry TypesFDB entries may be dynamic or static, and may be permanent or non-perma

FDB Configuration ExamplesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 77Non-permanent static entries are created by the switch software for various reasons,

78 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideForwarding Database (FDB)create fdbentry 00:A0:23:12:34:56 vlan net34 dynamic qosprofile qp2This entry has the

Displaying FDB EntriesExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 79• broadcast-mac—Specifies the broadcast MAC address. May be used as an alternate to the c

8 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide ContentsSTP Configurations 142Basic STP Configuration 142Multiple STPDs on a Port 145VLAN Spanning Multiple STPD

80 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideForwarding Database (FDB)

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 81 7 Quality of Service (QoS)This chapter covers the following topics:• Overview of Policy-Based Quality of Servic

82 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideQuality of Service (QoS)Overview of Policy-Based Quality of ServicePolicy-based QoS allows you to protect bandw

Applications and Types of QoSExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 83Video ApplicationsVideo applications are similar in needs to voice applications, w

84 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideQuality of Service (QoS)Configuring QoSTo configure QoS, you define how your switch responds to different categ

Traffic GroupingsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 85— When configured to do so, the priority of a QoS profile can determine the 802.1p bits used i

86 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideQuality of Service (QoS)Explicit Class of Service (802.1p and DiffServ) Traffic GroupingsThis category of traff

Traffic GroupingsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 87Observing 802.1p InformationWhen ingress traffic that contains 802.1p prioritization informati

88 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideQuality of Service (QoS)Figure 9: IP packet header encapsulationObserving DiffServ InformationWhen a packet arr

Verifying Configuration and PerformanceExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 89You can change the QoS profile assignment for all 64 code points using t

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 9 ContentsVerifying the IP Unicast Routing Configuration 180Routing Configuration Example 180Configuring DHCP/BOOT

90 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideQuality of Service (QoS)QoS MonitorThe QoS monitor is a utility that monitors the hardware queues associated wi

ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 91 8 Status Monitoring and StatisticsThis chapter describes the following topics:• Status Monitoring on page91• Sl

92 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and StatisticsIf you run the diagnostic routine on an I/O module, that module is taken offlin

Port StatisticsExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 93• 2—XOS secondary image • 3—Diagnostics for image 1 (initiates diagnostics for the primary image

94 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and StatisticsTo view port transmit errors, use the following command:show ports {<port_li

System TemperatureExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 95System TemperatureYou can view the temperature of the system and the I/O and management modul

96 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and StatisticsTo view the current temperature of the fan trays, use the following command:sho

System RedundancyExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 97The following sections describe the process, configuration, and monitoring of system redundanc

98 ExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts GuideStatus Monitoring and StatisticsConfiguring Node ParametersTo configure the parameters of a node, use the follo

System RedundancyExtremeWare XOS 10.1 Concepts Guide 99Relaying Configuration InformationThis is the first level of checkpointing that is required to